The Commandments

The Ten Commandments, in biblical Hebrew are called and translated as Ten Statements. They are ten of the 613 commandments contained in the Torah. In Judaism they are understood as categories or classifications of mitzvot. They are also known to Christians as the Decalogue , which play a fundamental role in most forms of Christianity. They include instructions to worship only God and to keep the Sabbath, and prohibitions against idolatry, blasphemy, murder, theft, and adultery. Different Christian groups follow slightly different traditions for interpreting and numbering them.

The Tablets of Stone, Stone Tablets, Tablets of Law, or Tablets of Testimony (in Hebrew Luchot HaBrit - "the tablets of the covenant") in the Bible, were the two pieces of special stone inscribed with the Ten Commandments when Moses ascended Mount Sinai as recorded in the Book of Exodus. Exodus 31:18 refers to the tablets as the "Tablets of Testimony". According to the Bible, there were two sets. The first, inscribed by God, were smashed by Moses when he was enraged by the sight of the Children of Israel worshiping the Golden Calf; and the second, later cut by Moses and rewritten by God.
According to traditional teachings of Judaism in the Talmud, they were made of blue sapphire stone as a symbolic reminder of the sky, the heavens, and ultimately of God's throne. Many Torah scholars, however, have opined that the Biblical "sapir" was, in fact, the lapis lazuli (Exodus 24:10), a possible alternate rendering of "sapphire" the stone pavement under God's feet when the intention to craft the tablets of the covenant is disclosed (24:12).
The Ten Commandments appear twice in the Hebrew Bible, in the books of Exodus and Deuteronomy. According to the story in Exodus, God inscribed them on two stone tablets, which he gave to Moses on Mount Sinai. Modern scholarship has found likely influences in Hittite and Mesopotamian laws and treaties, but is divided over exactly when the Ten Commandments were written and who wrote them.

Origins

Some historians believe that the Ten Commandments originated from ancient Egyptian religion, and postulate that the Biblical Jews borrowed the concept after their Exodus from Egypt. Chapter 125 of the Book of the Dead (the Papyrus of Ani) includes a list of things to which a man must swear in order to enter the afterlife. These sworn statements bear a remarkable resemblance to the Ten Commandments in their nature and their phrasing. These statements include "not have I defiled the wife of man," "not have I committed murder," "not have I committed theft," "not have I lied," "not have I cursed god," "not have I borne false witness," and "not have I abandoned my parents." The Book of the Dead has additional requirements, and, of course, doesn't require worship of YHWH.

Written in Stone

According to the Bible, God inscribed the Ten Commandments into stone: "God said to Moses, 'Come up to Me, to the mountain, and remain there. I will give you the stone tablets, the Torah and the commandment that I have written for the people's instruction.'" (Exodus 24:12) also referred to as "tables of testimony" (Exodus 24:12, 31:18, 32:16) or "tables of the covenant" (Deuteronomy 9verses 9, 11, 15), which he gave to Moses.
Traditional Jewish sources (Mekhilta de Rabbi Ishmael, de-ba-Hodesh 5) discuss the placement of the ten commandments on two tablets. According to Rabbi Hanina ben Gamaliel, five commandments were engraved on the first tablet and five on the other, whereas the Sages contended that ten were written on each.
While most Jewish and Christian depictions follow the first understanding, modern scholarship favors the latter, comparing it to treaty rite in the Ancient Near East, in the sense of tablets of covenant.
Diplomatic treaties, such as that between Egyptian Pharaoh Ramses II and the Hittite King Hattusilis III, circa 1270 B.C.E, were duplicated on stone with a copy for each party, and the subordinate party would place their copy of the pact in the main temple to his god, in oath to the king (cf. Ezekiel 17:11-19). In a pact between a nation and its God, then, the Israelites placed both copies in their temple.
Exodus 32:15 records that the tablets "were written on both their sides."
The Talmud (tractate Shabbat 104a) explains that there were miracles involved with the carving on the tablets. One was that the carving went the full thickness of the tablets.
The letter samec in the Hebrew alphabet looks similar to the letter "O" in the English alphabet. The stone in the center part of the letter should have fallen out, as it was not connected to the rest of the tablet, but it did not; it miraculously remained in place. Secondly, the writing was miraculously legible from both the front and the back, even though logic would dictate that something carved through and through would show the writing in mirror image on the back.
Religious groups have divided the commandments in different ways. For instance, Catholics and Lutherans see the first six verses as part of the same command prohibiting the worship of pagan gods, while Protestants (except Lutherans) separate all six verses into two different commands (one being "no other gods" and the other being "no graven images"). The initial reference to Egyptian bondage is important enough to Jews that it forms a separate commandment. Catholics and Lutherans separate the two kinds of coveting (namely, of goods and of the flesh), while Protestants (but not Lutherans) and Jews group them together.
A very similar, but not completely identical, list of commandments is found in Deuteronomy 5:1-22. Reference to each of the commandments and the consequences for not following them as a part of Hebrew Law are found throughout this book. In the New Testament book of Matthew 19 and elsewhere, Jesus refers to the commandments, but condenses them into two general commands: love God (Shema) and love other people (Ethic of reciprocity) (Matthew 22.34-40).
Although the Ten Commandments in the Douay Rheims Bible and King James Version of the Bible are the most well-known in the English-speaking world, they do not conform to modern common English, using "Thou shalt not kill" instead of "You shall not kill."

Jewish Understanding

Popular belief holds that these are "the commandments" of the Hebrew Bible. In fact, the Torah has 613 commandments. The Jewish tradition does, however, recognize these "ten commandments" as the ideological basis for the rest of the commandments (see below). According to the Medieval Sefer ha-Chinuch, the first five statements concern the relationship between God and human beings, while the second five statements concern the relationship between human beings. Rabbinic literature holds that the Ten Statements contain 14 or 15 distinct instructions.

Modern Adaptations

Many of the Ten Commandments continue in the form of modern laws such as "thou shalt not kill" (modern society severely punishes the crime of murder), "thou shalt not commit adultery" (modern society allows a divorce on this grounds) and "thou shalt not steal" (modern society punishes theft as a crime).
The Bible chapter that contains the Ten Commandments (Exodus XX) follows the recitation of the Commandments with a complete set of legal rules, which are based on the "eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth" legal philosophy of Hammurabi's Code.
The first four Commandments are not related to justice per se but are purely religious statements. But others represent basic principles of justice which have been adhered to by society since they were first published. For some societies, the Commandments were a turning point where essential points such as "thou shalt not kill" or "commit adultery" were accepted as law; behavior that was from that point on formally and officially condemned. The Bible makes it quite clear that to transgress the Commandments was punishable: "the soul that sinneth, it shall die", "sin is the transgression of the law" and "If you want to enter into life, keep the commandments".
While other faiths do not generally recognize the Ten Commandments in their unity, many of them (Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism, etc.) have comparable laws or principles. The Roman tradition was the Twelve Tables.
According to traditional teachings of Judaism in the Talmud, the 10 Commandments, or Torah, or Tablets of Stone - were made of blue sapphire stone as a symbolic reminder of the sky, the heavens, and ultimately of God's throne. Many Torah scholars, however, believe that the Biblical "sapir" was, in fact, the lapis lazuli (Exodus 24:10), a possible alternate rendering of "sapphire" the stone pavement under God's feet when the intention to "craft" the tablets of the covenant is disclosed (24:12).

Shavuot marks the day the Torah was given at Mount Sinai.                                                                                             

This event was connected to an Ancient Alien visitation.                                                                                                           

The Torah is the Story of Humanity written on Cylinder Seals.

In the Story (Hologram) Sumerian Gods created a bio-genetic experiment called humans.

The 10 Commandments are another enigma, whose purpose and very existence have been passed down through the millennia, allowing souls to believe in a god who would seek balance and light in our human experiment, yet by the very nature of our creation, duality, could never be achieved. The tablets allegedly have been placed in the Ark of the Covenant another enigma which sends people questing for a truth about creation - buried for all time in a cave or temple [symbology for mind]. It's all about the quest and the questions. Reality is myth, math and metaphor.

The following is a brief listing of the 613 commandments, as recorded and classified by Maimonides in the
12th century. This listing is taken from his classic compendium of Jewish law, the "Mishneh Torah," which
contains 14 primary "books" or sections.
This list should not be used as a source for any practical Halachic ruling. There are differences of opinion
over the applicability today of some commandments in this list. Similarly, distinctions must often be made
between rabbinically-decreed commandments and those that still have binding force as Torah-law today. In
all cases of doubt, a competent rabbinical authority should be consulted.
This list is reprinted from the book, "Bible Basics," a user-friendly, illustrated reference guide to the Five
Books of Moses. (Published by International Traditions Corporation, Jerome S. Hahn, General Editor.)
COMMANDMENT SOURCE

BOOK ONE: THE BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE

Fundamentals of Torah:
1 To know there is a God Ex. 20:2
2 Not to entertain thoughts of other gods besides Him Ex. 20:3
3 To know that He is one Deut. 6:4
4 To love Him Deut. 6:5
5 To fear Him Deut. 10:20
6 To sanctify His Name Lev. 22:32
7 Not to profane His Name Lev. 22:32
8 Not to destroy objects associated with His Name Deut. 12:4
9 To listen to the prophet speaking in His Name Deut. 18:15
10 Not to test the prophet unduly Deut. 6:16

Laws of Character:
11 To emulate His ways Deut. 28:9
12 To cleave to those who know Him Deut. 10:20
13 To love Jews Lev. 19:18
14 To love converts Deut. 10:19
15 Not to hate fellow Jews Lev. 19:17
16 To reprove Lev. 19:17
17 Not to embarrass others Lev. 19:17
18 Not to oppress the weak Ex. 21:22
19 Not to speak derogatorily of others Lev. 19:16
20 Not to take revenge Lev. 19:18
21 Not to bear a grudge Lev. 19:18

Laws of Torah Study:
22 To learn Torah Deut. 6:7
23 To honor those who teach and know Torah Lev. 19:32

Laws of Idolatry and Paganism:
24 Not to inquire into idolatry Lev. 19:4
25 Not to follow the whims of your heart or what your eyes see Num. 15:39
26 Not to blaspheme Ex. 22:27
27 Not to worship idols in the manner they are worshiped Ex. 20:5
28 Not to worship idols in the four ways we worship God Ex. 20:5
29 Not to make an idol for yourself Ex. 20:4
30 Not to make an idol for others Lev. 19:4
31 Not to make human forms even for decorative purposes Ex. 20:20
32 Not to turn a city to idolatry Ex. 23:13
33 To burn a city that has turned to idol worship Deut. 13:17
34 Not to rebuild it as a city Deut. 13:17
35 Not to derive benefit from it Deut. 13:18
36 Not to missionize an individual to idol worship Deut. 13:12
37 Not to love the missionary Deut. 13:9
38 Not to cease hating the missionary Deut. 13:9
39 Not to save the missionary Deut. 13:9
40 Not to say anything in his defense Deut. 13:9
41 Not to refrain from incriminating him Deut. 13:9
42 Not to prophesize in the name of idolatry Deut. 13:14
43 Not to listen to a false prophet Deut. 13:4
44 Not to prophesize falsely in the name of God Deut. 18:20
45 Not to be afraid of killing the false prophet Deut. 18:22
46 Not to swear in the name of an idol Ex. 23:13
47 Not to perform ov (medium) Lev. 19:31
48 Not to perform yidoni (magical seer) Lev. 19:31
49 Not to pass your children through the fire to Molech Lev. 18:21
50 Not to erect a column in a public place of worship Deut. 16:22
51 Not to bow down on smooth stone Lev. 26:1
52 Not to plant a tree in the Temple courtyard Deut. 16:21
53 To destroy idols and their accessories Deut. 12:2
54 Not to derive benefit from idols and their accessories Deut. 7:26
55 Not to derive benefit from ornaments of idols Deut. 7:25
56 Not to make a covenant with idolaters Deut. 7:2
57 Not to show favor to them Deut. 7:2
58 Not to let them dwell in our land Ex. 23:33
59 Not to imitate them in customs and clothing Lev. 20:23
60 Not to be superstitious Lev. 19:26
61 Not to go into a trance to foresee events, etc. Deut. 18:10
62 Not to engage in astrology Lev. 19:26

Laws of Idolatry and Paganism:
63 Not to mutter incantations Deut. 18:11
64 Not to attempt to contact the dead Deut. 18:11
65 Not to consult the ov Deut. 18:11
66 Not to consult the yidoni Deut. 18:11
67 Not to perform acts of magic Deut. 18:10
68 Men must not shave the hair off the sides of their head Lev. 19:27
69 Men must not shave their beards with a razor Lev. 19:27
70 Men must not wear women's clothing Deut. 22:5
71 Women must not wear men's clothing Deut. 22:5
72 Not to tattoo the skin Lev. 19:28
73 Not to tear the skin in mourning Deut. 14:1
74 Not to make a bald spot in mourning Deut. 14:1

Laws of Repentance:
75 To repent and confess wrongdoings Num. 5:7

BOOK TWO: THE BOOK OF LOVE OF GOD

Laws of Reading the Shema:
76 To say the Shema twice daily Deut. 6:7

Laws of Prayer and Kohanic Blessings:
77 To serve the Almighty with prayer daily Ex. 23:25
78 The Kohanim must bless the Jewish nation daily Num. 6:23

Laws of Tefillin, Mezuza and Sefer Torah:
79 To wear tefillin on the head Deut. 6:8
80 To bind tefillin on the arm Deut. 6:8
81 To put a mezuzah on each door post Deut. 6:9
82 Each male must write a Sefer Torah Deut. 31:19
83 The king must have a separate Sefer Torah for himself Deut. 17:18

Laws of Tzitzit:
84 To have tzitzit on four-cornered garments Num. 15:38

Laws of Blessings:
85 To bless the Almighty after eating Deut. 8:10

Laws of Circumcision:
86 To circumcise all males on the eighth day after their birth Lev. 12:3

BOOK THREE: THE BOOK OF SEASONS

Laws of the Sabbath:
87 To rest on the seventh day Ex. 23:12
88 Not to do prohibited labor on the seventh day Ex. 20:10
89 The court must not inflict punishment on Shabbat Ex. 35:3
90 Not to walk outside the city boundary on Shabbat Ex. 16:29
91 To sanctify the day with Kiddush and Havdallah Ex. 20:8

Laws of Eruvin (Rabbinical)

Laws of Yom Kippur Rest:
92 To rest from prohibited labor Lev. 23:32
93 Not to do prohibited labor on Yom Kippur Lev. 23:32
94 To afflict yourself on Yom Kippur Lev. 16:29
95 Not to eat or drink on Yom Kippur Lev. 23:29

Laws of Festival Rest:
96 To rest on the first day of Passover Lev. 23:7
97 Not to do prohibited labor on the first day of Passover Lev. 23:8
98 To rest on the seventh day of Passover Lev. 23:8
99 Not to do prohibited labor on the seventh day of Passover Lev. 23:8
100 To rest on Shavuot Lev. 23:21
101 Not to do prohibited labor on Shavuot Lev. 23:21
102 To rest on Rosh Hashana Lev. 23:24
103 Not to do prohibited labor on Rosh Hashana Lev. 23:25
104 To rest on Sukkot Lev. 23:35
105 Not to do prohibited labor on Sukkot Lev. 23:35
106 To rest on Shmini Atzeret Lev. 23:36
107 Not to do prohibited labor on Shmini Atzeret Lev. 23:36

Laws of Chometz and Matzah:
108 Not to eat chametz on the afternoon of the 14th day of Nissan Deut. 16:3
109 To destroy all chametz on 14th day of Nissan Ex. 12:15
110 Not to eat chametz all seven days of Passover Ex. 13:3
111 Not to eat mixtures containing chametz all seven days of Passover Ex. 12:20
112 Not to see chametz in your domain seven days Ex. 13:7
113 Not to find chametz in your domain seven days Ex. 12:19
114 To eat matzah on the first night of Passover Ex. 12:18
115 To relate the exodus from Egypt on that night Ex. 13:8

Laws of Shofar, Sukkah, Lulav:
116 To hear the Shofar on the first day of Tishrei (Rosh Hashana) Num. 29:1
117 To dwell in a Sukkah for the seven days of Sukkot Lev. 23:42
118 To take up a Lulav and Etrog all seven days Lev. 23:40

Laws of Shekalim:
119 Each man must give a half shekel annually Ex. 30:13

Laws of Sanctification of Months:
120 Courts must calculate to determine when a new month begins Ex. 12:2

Laws of Fasts:
121 To afflict and cry out before God in times of catastrophe Num. 10:9

Laws of Megillah and Chanukah (Rabbinical)

BOOK FOUR: THE BOOK OF WOMEN

Laws of Marriage:
122 To marry a wife by means of ketubah and kiddushin Deut. 22:13
123 Not to have relations with women not thus married Deut. 23:18
124 Not to withhold food, clothing, and relations from your wife Ex. 21:10
125 To have children with one's wife Gen 1:28

Laws of Divorce:
126 To issue a divorce by means of a "get" document Deut. 24:1
127 A man must not remarry his wife after she has married someone else Deut. 24:4

Laws of Yivum and Chalitzah (Levirate Marriage):
128 To do yibum (marry childless brother's widow) Deut. 25:5
129 To do chalitzah (freeing a widow from yibum) Deut. 25:9
130 The widow must not remarry until the ties with her brother-in-law are removed Deut. 25:5

Laws of Women
131 The court must fine one who seduces a maiden Ex. 22:15-16
132 The rapist must marry the maiden (if she chooses) Deut. 22:29

Laws of Women:
133 He is not allowed to divorce her Deut. 22:29
134 The slanderer must remain married to his wife Deut. 22:19
135 He must not divorce her Deut. 22:19

Laws of Sotah (Suspect Wife):
136 To fulfill the laws of the Sotah Num. 5:30
137 Not to put oil on her meal offering Num. 5:15
138 Not to put frankincense on her meal offering Num. 5:15

BOOK FIVE: THE BOOK OF HOLINESS

Laws of Forbidden Relations:
139 Not to have relations with your mother Lev. 18:7
140 Not to have relations with your father's wife Lev. 18:8
141 Not to have relations with your sister Lev. 18:9
142 Not to have relations with your father's wife's daughter Lev. 18:11
143 Not to have relations with your son's daughter Lev. 18:10
144 Not to have relations with your daughter Lev. 18:10
145 Not to have relations with your daughter's daughter Lev. 18:10
146 Not to have relations with a woman and her daughter Lev. 18:17
147 Not to have relations with a woman and her son's daughter Lev. 18:17
148 Not to have relations with a woman and her daughter's daughter Lev. 18:17
149 Not to have relations with your father's sister Lev. 18:12
150 Not to have relations with your mother's sister Lev. 18:13
151 Not to have relations with your father's brother's wife Lev. 18:14
152 Not to have relations with your son's wife Lev. 18:15
153 Not to have relations with your brother's wife Lev. 18:16
154 Not to have relations with your wife's sister Lev. 18:18
155 A man must not have relations with a beast Lev. 18:23
156 A woman must not have relations with a beast Lev. 18:23
157 Not to have homosexual relations Lev. 18:22
158 Not to have homosexual relations with your father Lev. 18:7
159 Not to have homosexual relations with your father's brother Lev. 18:14
160 Not to have relations with a married woman Lev. 18:20
161 Not to have relations with a menstrually impure woman Lev. 18:19
162 Not to marry non-Jews Deut. 7:3
163 Not to let Moabite and Ammonite males marry into the Jewish people Deut. 23:4
164 Don't keep a third generation Egyptian convert from marrying into the Jewish people 
       Deut. 23:8-9

Laws of Forbidden Relations:
165 Not to refrain from marrying a third generation Edomite convert Deut. 23:8-9
166 Not to let a mamzer marry into the Jewish people Deut. 23:3
167 Not to let a eunuch marry into the Jewish people Deut. 23:2
168 Not to castrate any male (including animals) Lev. 22:24
169 The High Priest must not marry a widow Lev. 21:14
170 The High Priest must not have relations with a widow even outside of marriage Lev. 21:15
171 The High Priest must marry a virgin maiden Lev. 21:13
172 A Kohen must not marry a divorcee Lev. 21:7
173 A Kohen must not marry a zonah (a woman who had forbidden relations) Lev. 21:7
174 A priest must not marry a chalalah (party to or product of 169-172) Lev. 21:7
175 Not to make pleasurable contact with any forbidden woman Lev. 18:6

Laws of Forbidden Foods:
176 To examine the signs of animals to distinguish between kosher and non-kosher Lev. 11:2
177 To examine the signs of fowl to distinguish between kosher and non-kosher Deut. 14:11
178 To examine the signs of fish to distinguish between kosher and non-kosher Lev. 11:9
179 To examine the signs of locusts to distinguish between kosher and non-kosher Lev. 11:21
180 Not to eat non-kosher animals Lev. 11:4
181 Not to eat non-kosher fowl Lev. 11:13
182 Not to eat non-kosher fish Lev. 11:11
183 Not to eat non-kosher flying insects Deut. 14:19
184 Not to eat non-kosher creatures that crawl on land Lev. 11:41
185 Not to eat non-kosher maggots Lev. 11:44
186 Not to eat worms found in fruit on the ground Lev. 11:42
187 Not to eat creatures that live in water other than fish Lev. 11:43
188 Not to eat the meat of an animal that died without ritual slaughter Deut. 14:21
189 Not to benefit from an ox condemned to be stoned Ex. 21:28
190 Not to eat meat of an animal that was mortally wounded Ex. 22:30
191 Not to eat a limb torn off a living creature Deut 12:23
192 Not to eat blood Lev. 3:17
193 Not to eat certain fats of clean animals Lev. 3:17
194 Not to eat the sinew of the thigh Gen. 32:33
195 Not to eat meat and milk cooked together Ex. 23:19
196 Not to cook meat and milk together Ex. 34:26
197 Not to eat bread from new grain before the Omer Lev. 23:14
198 Not to eat parched grains from new grain before the Omer Lev. 23:14
199 Not to eat ripened grains from new grain before the Omer Lev. 23:14

Laws of Forbidden Foods:
200 Not to eat fruit of a tree during its first three years Lev. 19:23
201 Not to eat diverse seeds planted in a vineyard Deut. 22:9
202 Not to eat untithed fruits Lev. 22:15
203 Not to drink wine poured in service to idols Deut. 32:38

Laws of Slaughtering:
204 To ritually slaughter an animal before eating it Deut. 12:21
205 Not to slaughter an animal and its offspring on the same day Lev. 22:28
206 To cover the blood (of a slaughtered beast or fowl) with earth Lev. 17:13
207 Not to take the mother bird from her children Deut. 22:6
208 To release the mother bird if she was taken from the nest Deut. 22:7

BOOK SIX: THE BOOK OF OATHS

Laws of Oaths:
209 Not to swear falsely in God's Name Lev. 19:12
210 Not to take God's Name in vain Ex. 20:7
211 Not to deny possession of something entrusted to you Lev. 19:11
212 Not to swear in denial of a monetary claim Lev. 19:11
213 To swear in God's Name to confirm the truth when deemed necessary by court Deut. 10:20

Laws of Vows:
214 To fulfill what was uttered and to do what was avowed Deut. 23:24
215 Not to break oaths or vows Num. 30:3
216 For oaths and vows annulled, there are the laws of annulling vows explicit in the Torah 
       Num. 30:3

Laws of The Nazarite
217 The Nazarite must let his hair grow Num. 6:5
218 He must not cut his hair Num. 6:5
219 He must not drink wine, wine mixtures, or wine vinegar Num. 6:3
220 He must not eat fresh grapes Num. 6:3
221 He must not eat raisins Num. 6:3
222 He must not eat grape seeds Num. 6:4
223 He must not eat grape skins Num. 6:4
224 He must not be under the same roof as a corpse Num. 6:6

225 He must not come into contact with the dead Num. 6:7

Laws of The Nazarite (completion of his Nazirite period)

226 He must shave after bringing sacrifices upon Num. 6:9

Laws of Estimated Values and Vows
227 To estimate the value of people as determined by the Torah Lev. 27:2
228 To estimate the value of consecrated animals Lev. 27:12-13
229 To estimate the value of consecrated houses Lev. 27:14
230 To estimate the value of consecrated fields Lev. 27:16
231 Carry out the laws of interdicting possessions (cherem) Lev. 27:28
232 Not to sell the cherem Lev. 27:28
233 Not to redeem the cherem Lev. 27:28

BOOK SEVEN: THE BOOK OF SEEDS

Laws of Mixed Species:
234 Not to plant diverse seeds together Lev. 19:19
235 Not to plant grains or greens in a vineyard Deut. 22:9
236 Not to crossbreed animals Lev. 19:19
237 Not to work different animals together Deut. 22:10
238 Not to wear sha'atnez, a cloth woven of wool and linen Deut. 22:11

Laws of Gifts to the Poor:
239 To leave a corner of the field uncut for the poor Lev. 19:10
240 Not to reap that corner Lev. 19:9
241 To leave gleanings Lev. 19:9
242 Not to gather the gleanings Lev. 19:9
243 To leave the gleanings of a vineyard Lev. 19:10
244 Not to gather the gleanings of a vineyard Lev. 19:10
245 To leave the unformed clusters of grapes Lev. 19:10
246 Not to pick the unformed clusters of grapes Lev. 19:10
247 To leave the forgotten sheaves in the field Deut. 24:19
248 Not to retrieve them Deut. 24:19
249 To separate the tithe for the poor Deut. 14:28
250 To give charity Deut. 15:8
251 Not to withhold charity from the poor Deut. 15:7
252 To set aside Trumah Gedolah (tithe for the Kohen) Deut. 18:4
253 The Levite must set aside a tenth of his tithe Num. 18:26
254 Not to preface one tithe to the next, but separate them in their proper order Ex. 22:28

Laws of Gifts to the Poor:
255 A non-Kohen must not eat Trumah Lev. 22:10
256 A hired worker or a Jewish bondsman of a Kohen must not eat Trumah Lev. 22:10
257 An uncircumcised Kohen must not eat Trumah Ex.12:48
258 An impure Kohen must not eat Trumah Lev. 22:4
259 A chalalah must not eat Trumah Lev. 22:12

Laws of Ma'aser:
260 To set aside Ma'aser each planting year and give it to a Levite Num. 18:24

Laws of The Second Tithe and Fourth Year Produce:
261 To set aside the second tithe (Ma'aser Sheni) Deut. 14:22
262 Not to spend its redemption money on anything but food, drink, or ointment Deut. 26:14
263 Not to eat Ma'aser Sheni while impure Deut. 26:14
264 A mourner on the first day after death must not eat Ma'aser Sheni Deut. 26:14
265 Not to eat Ma'aser Sheni grains outside Jerusalem Deut. 12:17
266 Not to eat Ma'aser Sheni wine products outside Jerusalem Deut. 12:17
267 Not to eat Ma'aser Sheni oil outside Jerusalem Deut. 12:17
268 The fourth year crops must be totally for holy purposes like Ma'aser Sheni Lev. 19:24
269 To read the confession of tithes every fourth and seventh year Deut. 26:13

Laws of First Fruits and other Kohanic Gifts:
270 To set aside the first fruits and bring them to the Temple Ex. 23:19
271 The Kohanim must not eat the first fruits outside Jerusalem Deut. 12:17
272 To read the Torah portion pertaining to their presentation Deut. 26:5
273 To set aside a portion of dough for a Kohen Num. 15:20
274 To give the shoulder, two cheeks, and stomach of slaughtered animals to a Kohen Deut. 18:3
275 To give the first sheering of sheep to a Kohen Deut. 18:4
276 To redeem the firstborn sons and give the money to a Kohen Num. 18:15
277 To redeem the firstborn donkey by giving a lamb to a Kohen Ex. 13:13
278 To break the neck of the donkey if the owner does not intend to redeem it Ex. 13:13

Laws of The Sabbatical and Jubilee Years:
279 To rest the land during the seventh year by not doing any work which enhances growth Ex. 34:21

Laws of The Sabbatical and Jubilee Years:
280 Not to work the land during the seventh year Lev. 25:4
281 Not to work with trees to produce fruit during that year Lev. 25:4
282 Not to reap crops that grow wild that year in the normal manner Lev. 25:5
283 Not to gather grapes which grow wild that year in the normal way Lev. 25:5
284 To leave free all produce which grew in that year Ex. 23:11
285 To release all loans during the seventh year Deut. 15:2
286 Not to pressure or claim from the borrower Deut. 15:2
287 Not to refrain from lending immediately before the release of the loans for fear of monetary loss          Deut. 15:9
288 The Sanhedrin must count seven groups of seven years Lev. 25:8
289 The Sanhedrin must sanctify the fiftieth year Lev. 25:10
290 To blow the Shofar on the tenth of Tishrei to free the slaves Lev. 25:9
291 Not to work the soil during the fiftieth year Lev. 25:11
292 Not to reap in the normal manner that which grows wild in the fiftieth year Lev. 25:11
293 Not to pick grapes which grew wild in the normal manner in the fiftieth year Lev. 25:11
294 Carry out the laws of sold family properties Lev. 25:24
295 Not to sell the land in Israel indefinitely Lev. 25:23
296 Carry out the laws of houses in walled cities Lev. 25:29
297 The Tribe of Levi must not be given a portion of the land in Israel, rather they are given cities to          dwell in Deut. 18:1
298 The Levites must not take a share in the spoils of war Deut. 18:1
299 To give the Levites cities to inhabit and their surrounding fields Num. 35:2
300 Not to sell the fields but they shall remain the Levites' before and after the Jubilee year Lev. 5:34

BOOK EIGHT: THE BOOK OF SERVICE

Laws of The Temple
301 To build a Sanctuary Ex. 25:8
302 Not to build the altar with stones hewn by metal Ex. 20:22
303 Not to climb steps to the altar Ex. 20:23
304 To show reverence to the Temple Lev. 1930
305 To guard the Temple area Num. 18:2
306 Not to leave the Temple unguarded Num. 18:5

Laws of Temple Vessels and Employees:
307 To prepare the anointing oil Ex. 30:31

Laws of Temple Vessels and Employees
308 Not to reproduce the anointing oil Ex. 30:32
309 Not to anoint with anointing oil Ex. 30:32
310 Not to reproduce the incense formula Ex. 30:37
311 Not to burn anything on the Golden Altar besides incense Ex. 30:9
312 The Levites must transport the ark on their shoulders Num. 7:9
313 Not to remove the staves from the ark Ex. 25:15
314 The Levites must work in the Temple Num. 18:23
315 No Levite must do another's work of either a Kohen or a Levite Num. 18:3
316 To dedicate the Kohen for service Lev. 21:8
317 The kohanic work shifts must be equal during holidays Deut. 18:6-8
318 The Kohanim must wear their priestly garments during service Ex. 28:2
319 Not to tear the priestly garments Ex. 28:32
320 The breastplate must not be loosened from the Efode Ex. 28:28

Laws of Entering the Temple:
321 A Kohen must not enter the Temple intoxicated Lev. 10:9
322 A Kohen must not enter the Temple with long hair Lev. 10:6
323 A Kohen must not enter the Temple with torn clothes Lev. 10:6
324 A Kohen must not enter the Temple indiscriminately Lev. 16:2
325 A Kohen must not leave the Temple during service Lev. 10:7
326 To send the impure from the Temple Num. 5:2
327 Impure people must not enter the Temple Num. 5:3
328 Impure people must not enter the Temple Mount area Deut. 23:11
329 Impure Kohanim must not do service in the temple Lev. 22:2
330 An impure Kohen, following immersion, must wait until after sundown before returning to 
       service Lev. 22:7
331 A Kohen must wash his hands and feet before service Ex. 30:19
332 A Kohen with a physical blemish must not enter the sanctuary or approach the altar Lev. 21:23
333 A Kohen with a physical blemish must not serve Lev.21:17
334 A Kohen with a temporary blemish must not serve Lev. 21:17
335 One who is not a Kohen must not serve Num. 18:4

Laws of Restrictions Concerning Sacrifices:
336 To offer only unblemished animals Lev. 22:21
337 Not to dedicate a blemished animal for the altar Lev. 22:20
338 Not to slaughter it Lev. 22:22
339 Not to sprinkle its blood Lev. 22:24
340 Not to burn its fat Lev. 22:22

Laws of Restrictions Concerning Sacrifices:
341 Not to offer a temporarily blemished animal Deut. 17:1
342 Not to sacrifice blemished animals even if offered by non-Jews Lev. 22:25
343 Not to inflict wounds upon dedicated animals Lev. 22:21
344 To redeem dedicated animals which have become disqualified Deut. 12:15
345 To offer only animals which are at least eight days old Lev. 22:27
346 Not to offer animals bought with the wages of a harlot or the animal exchanged for a dog 
       Deut. 23:19
347 Not to burn honey or yeast on the altar Lev. 2:11
348 To salt all sacrifices Lev. 2:13
349 Not to omit the salt from sacrifices Lev. 2:13

Laws of Sacrificial Procedure:
350 Carry out the procedure of the burnt offering as prescribed in the Torah Lev. 1:3
351 Not to eat its meat Deut. 12:17
352 Carry out the procedure of the sin offering Lev. 6:18
353 Not to eat the meat of the inner sin offering Lev. 6:23
354 Not to decapitate a fowl brought as a sin offering Lev. 5:8
355 Carry out the procedure of the guilt offering Lev. 7:1
356 The Kohanim must eat the sacrificial meat in the Temple Ex. 29:33
357 The Kohanim must not eat the meat outside the Temple courtyard Deut. 12:17
358 A non-Kohen must not eat sacrificial meat Ex. 29:33
359 To follow the procedure of the peace offering Lev. 7:11
360 Not to eat the meat of minor sacrifices before sprinkling the blood Deut. 12:17
361 To bring meal offerings as prescribed in the Torah Lev. 2:1
362 Not to put oil on the meal offerings of wrongdoers Lev. 5:11
363 Not to put frankincense on the meal offerings of wrongdoers Lev. 3:11
364 Not to eat the meal offering of the High Priest Lev. 6:16
365 Not to bake a meal offering as leavened bread Lev. 6:10
366 The Kohanim must eat the remains of the meal offerings Lev. 6:9
367 To bring all avowed and freewill offerings to the Temple on the first subsequent festival 
       Deut. 12:5-6
368 Not to withhold payment incurred by any vow Deut. 23:22
369 To offer all sacrifices in the Temple Deut. 12:11
370 To bring all sacrifices from outside Israel to the Temple Deut. 12:26
371 Not to slaughter sacrifices outside the courtyard Lev. 17:4
372 Not to offer any sacrifices outside the courtyard Deut. 12:13

Laws of Constant and Additional Offerings:
373 To offer two lambs every day Num. 28:3

Laws of Constant and Additional Offerings:
374 To light a fire on the altar every day Lev. 6:6
375 Not to extinguish this fire Lev. 6:6
376 To remove the ashes from the altar every day Lev. 6:3
377 To burn incense every day Ex 30:7
378 To light the Menorah every day Ex. 27:21
379 The Kohen Gadol must bring a meal offering every day Lev. 6:13
380 To bring two additional lambs as burnt offerings on Shabbat Num 28:9
381 To make the show bread Ex. 25:30
382 To bring additional offerings on the New Month Num. 28:11
383 To bring additional offerings on Passover Num. 28:19
384 To offer the wave offering from the meal of the new wheat Lev. 23:10
385 Each man must count the Omer - seven weeks from the day the new wheat offering was brought 
       Lev. 23:15
386 To bring additional offerings on Shavuot Num. 28:26
387 To bring two leaves to accompany the above sacrifice Lev. 23:17
388 To bring additional offerings on Rosh Hashana Num. 29:2
389 To bring additional offerings on Yom Kippur Num. 29:8
390 To bring additional offerings on Sukkot Num. 29:13
391 To bring additional offerings on Shmini Atzeret Num. 29:35

Laws of Disqualified Offerings:
392 Not to eat sacrifices which have become unfit or blemished Deut. 14.3
393 Not to eat from sacrifices offered with improper intentions Lev. 7:18
394 Not to leave sacrifices past the time allowed for eating them Lev. 22:30
395 Not to eat from that which was left over Lev. 19:8
396 Not to eat from sacrifices which became impure Lev. 7:19
397 An impure person must not eat from sacrifices Lev. 7:20
398 To burn the leftover sacrifices Lev. 7:17
399 To burn all impure sacrifices Lev. 7:19

Laws of Yom Kippur Service:
400 To follow the procedure of Yom Kippur in the sequence prescribed in Parshat Acharei Mot 
        Lev. 16:3

Laws of Misusing Sanctified Property:
401 One who profaned property must repay what he profaned plus a fifth and bring a sacrifice 
        Lev. 5:16
402 Not to work consecrated animals Deut. 15:19

Laws of Misusing Sanctified Property
403 Not to shear the fleece of consecrated animals Deut. 15:19

BOOK NINE: THE BOOK OF SACRIFICES

Laws of Pascal Sacrifice
404 To slaughter the paschal sacrifice at the specified time Ex. 12:6
405 Not to slaughter it while in possession of leaven Ex. 23:18
406 Not to leave the fat overnight Ex. 23:18
407 To slaughter the second paschal lamb Num. 9:11
408 To eat the paschal lamb with matzah and Marror on the night of the 15th of Nissan Ex. 12:8
409 To eat the second paschal lamb on the night of the 15th of Iyar Num.9:11
410 Not to eat the paschal meat raw or boiled Ex. 12:9
411 Not to take the paschal meat from the confines of the group Ex. 12:46
412 An apostate must not eat from it Ex.12:43
413 A permanent or temporary hired worker must not eat from it Ex. 12:45
414 An uncircumcised male must not eat from it Ex. 12:48
415 Not to break any bones from the paschal offering Ex. 12:46
416 Not to break any bones from the second paschal offering Num. 9:12
417 Not to leave any meat from the paschal offering over until morning Ex. 12:10
418 Not to leave the second paschal meat over until morning Num. 9:12
419 Not to leave the meat of the holiday offering of the 14th until the 16th Deut. 16:4

Laws of Pilgrim Offerings:
420 To be seen at the Temple on Passover, Shavuot, and Sukkot Deut. 16:16
421 To celebrate on these three Festivals (bring a peace offering) Ex. 23:14
422 To rejoice on these three Festivals (bring a peace offering) Deut. 16:14
423 Not to appear at the Temple without offerings Deut. 16:16
424 Not to refrain from rejoicing with, and giving gifts to, the Levites Deut. 12:19
425 To assemble all the people on the Sukkot following the seventh year Deut. 31:12

Laws of First Born Animals:
426 To set aside the firstborn animals Ex. 13:12
427 The Kohanim must not eat unblemished firstborn animals outside Jerusalem Deut. 12:17
428 Not to redeem the firstborn Num. 18:17
429 Separate the tithe from animals Lev. 27:32
430 Not to redeem the tithe Lev. 27:33

Laws of Offerings for Unintentional Transgressions:
431 Every person must bring a sin offering for his transgression Lev. 4:27
432 Bring an asham talui when uncertain of guilt Lev. 5:17-18
433 Bring an asham vadai when guilt is ascertained Lev. 5:25
434 Bring an oleh v'yored offering (if the person is wealthy, an animal; if poor, a bird or meal 
       offering) Lev. 5:7-11
435 The Sanhedrin must bring an offering when it rules in error Lev. 4:13

Laws of Lacking Atonement:
436 A woman who had a running issue must bring an offering after she goes to the Mikveh 
       Lev. 15:28-29
437 A woman who gave birth must bring an offering after she goes to the Mikveh Lev. 12:6
438 A man who had a running issue must bring an offering after he goes to the Mikveh Lev. 15:13-14
439 A metzora must bring an offering after going to the Mikveh Lev. 14:10

Laws of Substitution of Sacrifices:
440 Not to substitute another beast for one set apart for sacrifice Lev. 27:10
441 The new animal, in addition to the substituted one, retains consecration Lev. 27:10
442 Not to change consecrated animals from one type of offering to another Lev. 27:26

BOOK TEN: THE BOOK OF PURITY

Laws of Impurity of Human Dead:
443 Carry out the laws of impurity of the dead Num. 19:14

Laws of The Red Heifer:
444 Carry out the procedure of the Red Heifer Num. 19:2
445 Carry out the laws of the sprinkling water Num. 19:21

Laws of Impurity through Tzara'at:
446 Rule the laws of human tzara'at as prescribed in the Torah Lev. 13:12
447 The metzora must not remove his signs of impurity Deut. 24:8
448 The metzora must not shave signs of impurity in his hair Lev. 13:33

Laws of Impurity through Tzara'at:
449 The metzora must publicize his condition by tearing his garments, allowing his hair to grow and 
       covering his lips Lev.13:45
450 Carry out the prescribed rules for purifying the metzora Lev. 14:2
451 The metzora must shave off all his hair prior to purification Lev. 14:9
452 Carry out the laws of tzara'at of clothing Lev. 13:47
453 Carry out the laws of tzara'at of houses Lev. 13:34

Laws of Impurity of Reclining and Sitting:
454 Observe the laws of menstrual impurity Lev. 15:19
455 Observe the laws of impurity caused by childbirth Lev. 12:2
456 Observe the laws of impurity caused by a woman's running issue Lev. 15:25
457 Observe the laws of impurity caused by a man's running issue Lev. 15:3

Laws of Other Sources of Impurity:
458 Observe the laws of impurity caused by a dead beast Lev. 11:39
459 Observe the laws of impurity caused by the eight shratzim Lev. 11:29
460 Observe the laws of impurity of a seminal emission Lev. 15:16

Laws of Impurity of Food:
461 Observe the laws of impurity concerning liquid and solid foods Lev. 11:34

Laws of Vessels (Rabbinical)

Laws of Mikveh:
462 Every impure person must immerse himself in a Mikveh to become pure Lev. 15:16

BOOK ELEVEN: THE BOOK OF DAMAGES

Laws of Property Damage:
463 The court must judge the damages incurred by a goring ox Ex. 21:28
464 The court must judge the damages incurred by an animal eating Ex. 22:4
465 The court must judge the damages incurred by a pit Ex. 21:33
466 The court must judge the damages incurred by fire Ex. 22:5

Laws of Theft:
467 Not to steal money stealthily Lev. 19:11
468 The court must implement punitive measures against the thief Ex. 21:37

Laws of Theft:
469 Each individual must ensure that his scales and weights are accurate Lev. 19:36
470 Not to commit injustice with scales and weights Lev. 19:35
471 Not to possess inaccurate scales and weights even if they are not for use Deut. 25:13
472 Not to move a boundary marker to steal someone's property Deut. 19:14
473 Not to kidnap Ex. 20:13

Laws of Robbery and Lost Objects:
474 Not to rob openly Lev. 19:13
475 Not to withhold wages or fail to repay a debt Lev. 19:13
476 Not to covet and scheme to acquire another's possession Ex. 20:14
477 Not to desire another's possession Deut. 5:18
478 Return the robbed object or its value Lev. 5:23
479 Not to ignore a lost object Deut. 22:3
480 Return the lost object Deut. 22:1
481 The court must implement laws against the one who assaults another or damages another's
       property Ex. 21:18

Laws of Murder and Preservation of Life:
482 Not to murder Ex. 20:13
483 Not to accept monetary restitution to atone for the murderer Num. 35:31
484 The court must send the accidental murderer to a city of refuge Num. 35:25
485 Not to accept monetary restitution instead of being sent to a city of refuge Num. 35:32
486 Not to kill the murderer before he stands trial Num. 35:12
487 Save someone being pursued even by taking the life of the pursuer Deut. 25112
488 Not to pity the pursuer Num. 35:12
489 Not to stand idly by if someone's life is in danger Lev. 19:16
490 Designate cities of refuge and prepare routes of access Deut. 19:3
491 Break the neck of a calf by the river valley following an unsolved murder Deut. 21:4
492 Not to work nor plant that river valley Deut. 21:4
493 Not to allow pitfalls and obstacles to remain on your property Deut. 22:8
494 Make a guard rail around flat roofs Deut. 22:8
495 Not to put a stumbling block before a blind man (nor give harmful advice) Lev. 19:14
496 Help another remove the load from a beast which can no longer carry it Ex. 23:5
497 Help others load their beast Deut. 22:4
498 Not to leave others distraught with their burdens (but to help either load or unload) Deut. 22:4

BOOK TWELVE: THE BOOK OF ACQUISITION

Laws of Sales:
499 Buy and sell according to Torah law Lev. 25:14
500 Not to overcharge or underpay for an article Lev. 25:14
501 Not to insult or harm anybody with words Lev. 25:17
502 Not to cheat a sincere convert monetarily Ex. 22:20
503 Not to insult or harm a sincere convert with words Ex. 22:20

Laws of Acquisitions and Gifts (Rabbinical):

Laws of Neighbors (Rabbinical):

Laws of Agents and Partners (Rabbinical):

Laws of Slaves
504 Purchase a Hebrew slave in accordance with the prescribed laws Ex. 21:2
505 Not to sell him as a slave is sold Lev. 25:42
506 Not to work him oppressively Lev. 25:43
507 Not to allow a non-Jew to work him oppressively Lev. 25:53
508 Not to have him do menial slave labor Lev. 25;39
509 Give him gifts when he goes free Deut. 15:14
510 Not to send him away empty-handed Deut. 15:13
511 Redeem Jewish maidservants Ex. 21:8
512 Betroth the Jewish maidservant Ex. 21:8
513 The master must not sell his maidservant Ex. 21:8
514 Canaanite slaves must work forever unless injured in one of their limbs Lev. 25:46
515 Not to extradite a slave who fled to Israel Deut. 23:16
516 Not to wrong a slave who has come to Israel for refuge Deut. 23:16

BOOK THIRTEEN: THE BOOK OF JUDGEMENTS

Laws of Hiring
517 The courts must carry out the laws of a hired worker and hired guard Ex. 22:9
518 Pay wages on the day they were earned Deut. 24:15
519 Not to delay payment of wages past the agreed time Lev. 19:13
520 The hired worker may eat from the unharvested crops where he works Deut. 23:25
521 The worker must not eat while on hired time Deut. 23:26
522 The worker must not take more than he can eat Deut. 23:25
523 Not to muzzle an ox while plowing Deut. 25:4

Laws of Borrowing and Depositing:
524 The courts must carry out the laws of a borrower Ex. 22:13

Laws of Borrowing and Depositing:
525 The courts must carry out the laws of an unpaid guard Ex. 22:6

Laws of Creditor and Debtor:
526 Lend to the poor and destitute Ex. 22:24
527 Not to press them for payment if you know they don't have it Ex. 22:24
528 Press the idolater for payment Deut. 15:3
529 The creditor must not forcibly take collateral Deut. 24:10
530 Return the collateral to the debtor when needed Deut. 24:13
531 Not to delay its return when needed Deut. 24:12
532 Not to demand collateral from a widow Deut. 24:17
533 Not to demand as collateral utensils needed for preparing food Deut. 24:6
534 Not to lend with interest Lev.25:37
535 Not to borrow with interest Deut. 23:20
536 Not to intermediate in an interest loan, guarantee, witness, or write the promissory note Ex. 22:24
537 Lend to and borrow from idolaters with interest Deut. 23:21

Laws of Plaintiff and Defendant:
538 The courts must carry out the laws of the plaintiff, admitter, or denier Ex. 22:8

Laws of Inheritance
539 Carry out the laws of the order of inheritance Num. 27:8

BOOK FOURTEEN: THE BOOK OF JUDGES

Laws of Sanhedrin and Punishments
540 Appoint judges Deut. 16:18
541 Not to appoint judges who are not familiar with judicial procedure Deut. 1:17
542 Decide by majority in case of disagreement Ex. 23:2
543 The court must not execute through a majority of one; at least a majority of two is required
       Ex. 23:2
544 A judge who presented an acquittal plea must not present an argument for conviction in capital
       cases Deut. 23:2
545 The courts must carry out the death penalty of stoning Deut. 22:24
546 The courts must carry out the death penalty of burning Lev. 20:14
547 The courts must carry out the death penalty of the sword Ex. 21:20
548 The courts must carry out the death penalty of strangulation Lev. 20:10

Laws of Sanhedrin and Punishments:
549 The courts must hang those stoned for blasphemy or idolatry Deut. 21:22
550 Bury the executed on the day they are killed Deut.21:23
551 Not to delay burial overnight Deut. 21:23
552 The court must not let the sorcerer live Ex. 22:17
553 The court must give lashes to the wrongdoer Ex. 25:2
554 The court must not exceed the prescribed number of lashes Deut. 25:3
555 The court must not kill anybody on circumstantial evidence Ex. 23:7
556 The court must not punish anybody who was forced to do a crime Deut. 22:26
557 A judge must not pity the murderer or assaulter at the trial Deut. 19:13
558 A judge must not have mercy on the poor man at the trial Lev. 19:15
559 A judge must not respect the great man at the trial Lev. 19:15
560 A judge must not decide unjustly the case of the habitual transgressor Ex. 23;6
561 A judge must not pervert justice Lev. 19:15
562 A judge must not pervert a case involving a convert or orphan Deut. 24:17
563 Judge righteously Lev. 19:15
564 The judge must not fear a violent man in judgment Deut. 1:17
565 Judges must not accept bribes Ex. 23:8
566 Judges must not accept testimony unless both parties are present Ex. 23:1
567 Not to curse judges Ex. 22:27
568 Not to curse the head of state or leader of the Sanhedrin Ex. 22:27
569 Not to curse any upstanding Jew Lev. 19:14

Laws of Evidence:
570 Anybody who knows evidence must testify in court Lev. 5:1
571 Carefully interrogate the witness Deut. 13:15
572 A witness must not serve as a judge in capital crimes Deut. 19:17
573 Not to accept testimony from a lone witness Deut. 19:15
574 Transgressors must not testify Ex. 23:1
575 Relatives of the litigants must not testify Deut. 24:16
576 Not to testify falsely Ex. 20:13
577 Punish the false witnesses as they tried to punish the defendant Deut. 19:19

Laws of Insurgents:
578 Act according to the ruling of the Sanhedrin Deut. 17:11
579 Not to deviate from the word of the Sanhedrin Deut. 17:11
580 Not to add to the Torah commandments or their oral explanations Deut. 13:1
581 Not to diminish from the Torah any commandments, in whole or in part Deut. 13:1
582 Not to curse your father and mother Ex. 21:17

Laws of Insurgents:
583 Not to strike your father and mother Ex. 21:15
584 Respect your father or mother Ex. 20:12
585 Fear your father or mother Lev. 19:3
586 Not to be a rebellious son Deut. 21:18

Laws of Mourning:
587 Mourn for relatives Lev. 10:19
588 The High Priest must not defile himself for any relative Lev. 21:11
589 The High Priest must not enter under the same roof as a corpse Lev. 21:11
590 A Kohen must not defile himself for anyone except relatives Lev. 21:1

Laws of Kings and their Wars:
591 Appoint a king from Israel Deut.17:15
592 Not to appoint a convert Deut.17:15
593 The king must not have too many wives Deut.17:17
594 The king must not have too many horses Deut.17:16
595 The king must not have too much silver and gold Deut.17:17
596 Destroy the seven Canaanite nations Deut.20:17
597 Not to let any of them remain alive Deut.20:16
598 Wipe out the descendants of Amalek Deut.25:19
599 Remember what Amalek did to the Jewish people Deut.25:17
600 Not to forget Amalek's atrocities and ambush on our journey from Egypt in the desert
       Deut. 25:19
601 Not to dwell permanently in Egypt Deut.17:16
602 Offer peace terms to the inhabitants of a city while holding siege, and treat them according to the 
       Torah if they accept the terms Deut.20:10
603 Not to offer peace to Ammon and Moab while besieging them Deut.23:7
604 Not to destroy fruit trees even during the siege Deut.20:19

Laws of Kings and their Wars
605 Prepare latrines outside the camps Deut.23:13
606 Prepare a shovel for each soldier to dig with Deut. 23:14
607 Appoint a priest to speak with the soldiers during the war Deut. 20:2
608 He who has taken a wife, built a new home, or planted a vineyard is given a year to rejoice with 
       his possessions Deut. 24:5
609 Not to demand from the above any involvement, communal or military Deut. 24:5
610 Not to panic and retreat during battle Deut. 20:3
611 Keep the laws of the captive woman Deut. 21:11
612 Not to sell her into slavery Deut. 21:14
613 Not to retain her for servitude after having relations with her Deut. 21:14

When the nation of Israel committed sins against ANY of the 613 commandments, They had to go through Attonment.

"And when he has made an end of atoning for The Holy Place and the tent of meeting and the altar, he shall present the live goat; and Aaron shall lay both his hands upon the head of the live goat, and confess over him all the iniquities of the people of Israel, and all their transgressions, all their sins; and he shall put them upon the head of the goat, and send him away into the wilderness by the hand of a man who is in readiness. The goat shall bear all their iniquities upon him to a solitary land; and he shall let the goat go in the wilderness." (Leviticus 16:20-22 RSV)

This is where the term of "Scape Goat" came from.
The Sacrificed Goat - A Symbol of Jesus Christ
The blood of the sacrificed goat was taken by the high priest Aaron and sprinkled on the atonement cover, or mercy seat, of The Ark Of The Covenant inside The Most Holy Place of The Tabernacle In The Wilderness once per year on the Day of Atonement (Leviticus 16:15-17). This depicts the blood sacrifice of Jesus Christ, our "High Priest" (Hebrews 8:1) entering The Throne Room of God to make atonement for humanity once for all time (Hebrews 9:23-28).

The very words of the ten commandments clearly tells us that the commandments were for the Jewish people ONLY!

1. God never brought me or my ancestors out of Egypt! Ex 20:2 "I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery."
2. The Lord has not given me the promised land of Canaan! Ex 20:12 "Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be prolonged in the land which the Lord your God gives you"
3. Since the Sabbath is a sign between God and fleshly Israel, there is nothing requiring non-Jews to keep it! (Ex. 31:13,17; Ezek. 20:12, 20)
4. If it was intended for all mankind, then why specifically say "strangers within your gates". Obviously the Gentiles (strangers) were never required at any point in earth history to keep the Sabbath! The Bible and all known history prove this true!

Imagine the 10 commandments were a postal letter with not mailing address. The post office could easily determine that the intended recipient of the letter was Israel.
-People who sometimes had strangers within their gates: Ex 20:10
-People who assembled at the mount on which there was a cloud: Ex 19:16; Deut 5:22
-People who were slaves in Egypt: Deut 5:15
-People who had been delivered from Egyptian bondage: Deut 5:15
-People who were then headed to posses the land of Canaan: Ex 20:12; Deut 5:16
-The covenant was made with "US" Jews at Horeb: Deut 5:1-3; Neh 9:14
-To all those "here alive today" (Jews at the Horeb): Deut 5:3

 Impossible for those living in the arctic circle to keep the Sabbath: "sunset to sunset".
1.) A one year long Sabbath every seven years?
2.)Obviously God never intended anyone but the Jews living geographically in Palestine to keep the Sabbath?

Here are two comments from our history archive that prove the common view between 150 and 200AD was that the Patriarchs never kept the Sabbath!
150AD JUSTIN: Moreover, all those righteous men already mentioned [after mentioning Adam. Abel, Enoch, Lot, Noah, Melchizedek, and Abraham], though they kept no Sabbaths, were pleasing to God; and after them Abraham with all his descendants until Moses... And you [fleshly Jews] were commanded to keep Sabbaths, that you might retain the memorial of God. For His word makes this announcement, saying, "That you may know that I am God who redeemed you." (Dialogue With Trypho the Jew, 150-165 AD, Ante-Nicene Fathers , vol. 1, page 204)

200AD TERTULLIAN: Let him who contends that the Sabbath is still to be observed a balm of salvation, and circumcision on the eighth day because of threat of death, teach us that in earliest times righteous men kept Sabbath or practiced circumcision, and so were made friends of God. .. ...Therefore, since God originated Adam uncircumcised, and inobservant of the Sabbath, consequently his offspring also, Abel, offering Him sacrifices, uncircumcised and inobservant of the Sabbath, was by Him commended... Noah also, uncircumcised - yes, and inobservant of the Sabbath - God freed from the deluge. For Enoch, too, most righteous man, uncircumcised and inobservant of the Sabbath, He translated from this world... Melchizedek also, "the priest of most high God," uncircumcised and inobservant of the Sabbath, was chosen to the priesthood of God. (An Answer to the Jews 2:10; 4:1, Ante-Nicene Fathers Vol. 3, page 153)